Rezumat

Majoritatea substanþelor psihotrope suferã metabolizare la nivel hepatic, fenomen care presupune posibilitatea apariþiei fenomenelor adverse de tip hepatocitolitic sau colestatic fie direct, fie prin interacþiunile farmacokinetice cu alte medicamente administrate concomitent. Monitorizarea transaminazelor este necesarã pentru a evita instalarea unor reacþii severe ireversibile, atunci când existã date în literatura de specialitate referitoare la potenþialul hepatotoxic al respectivelor medicamente. Antidepresivele, antipsihoticele tipice ºi atipice, benzodiazepinele, inhibitorii de acetilcolinesterazã, timostabilizatoarele ºi substanþele cu potenþial de dependenþã sunt analizate din perspectiva incidenþei efectelor hepatotoxice, a mecanismelor prin care se produc acestea ºi a consecinþelor pe termen scurt sau lung ale reacþiilor adverse induse.

Abstract

Many of the psychotropic drugs are metabolized in the liver, a phenomenon that involves the possibility of hepatocytolitic or cholestatic adverse events. These reactions could be provoked either through a direct mechanism, or through the pharmacokinetic interactions with other co-administered drugs. The monitoring of the transaminases level is usefull in order to avoid serious and irreversible reactions, whenever there are data in the literature sustaining the existence of hepatotoxicity associated to the currently used drugs. Asntidepressants, antipsychotics, both typical and atypical, benzodiazepines, acetylcholynesterase inhibitors, anticonvulsants and dependence associated drugs are analysed using variables like the incidence, mechanisms and short and long term prognosis of the hepatotoxic reactions.

Cuvinte cheie:

hepatotoxicitate, hepatocitolizã, colestazã, efecte adverse, antidepresive, antipsihotice

Keywords:

hepatotoxicity, antidepressants, drugs of abuse, antipsychotics